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adj. Артуров(ски): the Arthurian Legend(s) Легендите за кралот Артур -
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5 Literature
The earliest known examples of literary writing in the Portuguese language is a collection of songbooks ( cancioneiros) that date from the 12th century, written by anonymous court troubadours, aristocrats, and clerics with poetic and musical talent. In the 13th and 14th centuries, ballads ( romanceiros) became popular at court. One of these written after the battle of Aljubarrota is considered to be the Portuguese equivalent of the English Arthurian legend. Literary prose in Portuguese began in the 14th century, with the compilation of chronicles ( chrónicos) written by Fernão Lopes de Castenhada who was commissioned by King Duarte (1430-38) to write a history of the House of Aviz.During the 15th and 16th centuries, Portuguese chroniclers turned their attention to the discoveries and the Portuguese overseas empire. The Portuguese discoveries in India and Asia were chronicled by João de Barros, whose writing appeared posthumously under the pen name of Diogo Do Couto; Fernão Lopes de Castenhade wrote a 10-volume chronicle of the Portuguese in India. The most famous chronicle from this period was the Peregrinação (Pilgrimage), a largely true adventure story and history of Portugal that was as popular among 17th-century readers in Iberia as was Miguel de Cer-vantes's Don Quixote. Portugal's most celebrated work of national literature, The Lusiads ( Os Lusíadas), written by Luís de Camões chronicled Vasco da Gama's voyage to India (1497-99) within the context of the history of Portugal.During the period when Portugal was under Spanish domination (1580-1640), the preferred language of literary expression was Castilian Spanish. The greatest writer of this period was Francisco Manuel de Melo, who wrote in Castilian and Portuguese. His most famous work is an eyewitness account of the 1640 Catalan revolt against Castile, Historia de los Movimientos y Separación de Cata-luna (1645), which allowed the Portuguese monarchy to regain its independence that same year.Little of note was written during the 17th century with the exception of Letters of a Portuguese Nun, an enormously popular work in the French language thought to have been written by Sister Mariana Alcoforado to a French officer Noel Bouton, Marquise de Chamilly.Modern Portuguese writing began in the early 19th century with the appearance of the prose-fiction of João Baptista de Almeida Garrett and the historian-novelist Alexandre Herculano. The last half of the 19th century was dominated by the Generation of 1870, which believed that Portugal was, due to the monarchy and the Catholic Church, a European backwater. Writers such as José Maria Eça de Queirós dissected the social decadence of their day and called for reform and national renewal. The most famous Portuguese poet of the 20th century is, without doubt, Fernando Pessoa, who wrote poetry and essays in English and Portuguese under various names. António Ferro (1895-1956) published best-selling accounts of the right-wing dictatorships in Italy and Spain that endeared him to Prime Minister António de Oliveira Salazar, who made him the Estado Novo's secretary of national propaganda.The various responses of the Portuguese people to the colonial African wars (1961-75) were chronicled by António Lobo Antunes. In 1998, the noted Portuguese novelist, poet, essayist, and travel writer, José Saramago was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature, the first writer in the Portuguese language of whatever nationality to be so honored. His most famous novels translated into English include: Baltazar and Blimunda (1987), The Year of the Death of Ricardo Reis (1991), and The History of the Siege of Lisbon (1996).
См. также в других словарях:
Arthurian legend — Body of stories and medieval romances centring on the legendary English king Arthur. The stories chronicle Arthur s life, the adventures of his knights, and the adulterous love between his knight Sir Lancelot and his queen, Guinevere. The legend… … Universalium
Arthurian legend — noun the legend of King Arthur and his court at Camelot • Members of this Topic: ↑Camlan, ↑Camelot, ↑Galahad, ↑Sir Galahad, ↑Gawain, ↑Sir Gawain, ↑Geraint, ↑Sir Geraint, ↑Guinevere, ↑ … Useful english dictionary
Arthurian Legend — Ar|thu|ri|an Le|gend old stories about King Arthur, his court at ↑Camelot, the ↑magician ↑Merlin, and the Knights of the Round Table. These stories were first told more than 1000 years ago, and are found in Welsh, English, French, and German… … Dictionary of contemporary English
Sites and places associated with Arthurian legend — The following is a list and assessment of sites and places associated with King Arthur and the Arthurian legend in general. Given the lack of concrete historical knowledge about one of the most potent figures in British mythology, it is unlikely… … Wikipedia
List of films based on Arthurian legend — Films based on the Arthurian legend are many and varied. They can be divided into several broad categories: Adaptations Relatively straightforward adaptations of the legends, reconstructed history, or modern Arthurian material.* Parsifal (1904) * … Wikipedia
Palamedes (Arthurian legend) — Palamedes, (also called Palamede, Palomides or some other variant) was a Knight of the Round Table in Arthurian legend. He was a Saracen pagan who converted to Christianity later in his life, and his unrequited love for Iseult brought him into… … Wikipedia
Black Knight (Arthurian legend) — The Black Knight is the title given to several characters in Western literature. In Arthurian legend he is a knight who tied his wife to a tree after hearing she had exchanged rings with Perceval. Perceval defeated the black knight and explained… … Wikipedia
List of characters named Ywain in Arthurian Legend — The following is a list of characters are named Yvain (or a variation of Yvain), mentioned in Arthurian legend. The work(s)in which they appear are italicized. [Brugger, Ernst. Yvain and His Lion . Modern Philology. 1941] *Yvain li filz au roi… … Wikipedia
Arthurian Accolon of Gaul — From Arthurian legend, he is Morgan le Fey s lover … The writer's dictionary of science fiction, fantasy, horror and mythology
legend — noun 1) the Arthurian legends Syn: myth, saga, epic, folk tale, folk story, fable, lore, folklore, mythology, folk tradition 2) pop legends Syn: celebrity … Synonyms and antonyms dictionary
Arthurian — adjective Of or pertaining to the legend of Arthur, king of the Britons, and his court at Camelot … Wiktionary
